Realism
A term used in order to indicate every kind of art that tend to represent life faithfully, but also a particular movement in painting and literature of the 19th century in particular. Pursue of realists, whose appearance was a kind of reaction to unbridled subjectivism and "suggestibility" of Romanticism, was the depiction of everyday life and everyday morality, focusing especially on the humblest human motivation and the most despicable human actions. Referring to literature, this tendency- whose extension and consistency has been Naturalism- was expressed through novels of Balzac, Stendhal, Dickens, Flaubert and Tolstoy. In the field of visual arts, and especially in painting, Courbet is generally considered the first great realist (in a certain sense like an “outgrowth” of Realism can be treated Impressionism). In 20th century, as a major version and revival can be regarded the so called Social Realism.