Pop Art
Movement that broke out in England in the mid-1950s and shortly later in United States. The Independent Group, which met at the Institute of Contemporary Art in London and was included the critic Lawrence Aloguei, the architects P. and A. Smithson, the historic of architecture Reyner Banham and artists R. Hamilton and E. Paolozzi, was the cradle of British Pop Art. The basic idea was that the massive popular culture of the big city (movies, commercials, pop music, comic science fiction) and the mass production, usually American’s origin, consumer goods could be the raw material of a new art and a new aesthetic, where the dominant element of consumption. Similar ideas worded about the same time also in United States. The American Pop Art flourished in the early 1960s, was both a reaction to the Abstract Expressionism and a kind of revival of some Dadaist ideas. Rauschenberg R. and Tz. Johns were the forerunners of American Pop and among the most important figures are artists such as A. Warhol, Lichtenstein R., C. Oldenburg, J. Rosenquist, T. Gieselman, J. Dinah and R. Indiana. With regard to England, in around late 1950 and early 1960, appeared a second generation of Pop artists, included artists like University Bleik, D. Bosier, D. Hockney, A. Jones and P. Phillips