Lithography
A printing technique, invented by A. Senefelder in 1798 and it is based on the fact that the water and the fatty substances do not mix ever. The performance is designed with a kind of greasy chalk in "stone" (originally a porous limestone, now a slab zinc), which are then dried. When the water run on the designed surfaces, the greasy ink "catch" at the points that have been engraved but not in the wet "stone". Although originally was used only for reproduction, was slowly evolved into an independent art and was cultivated by many artists of the 19th century (Daumier, etc.). The colored lithography (Chromolithography) that had appeared from the beginning of the 19th century was established as a kind of art by Toulouse-Lautrec.